Chemistry: electrical current producing apparatus – product – and – Current producing cell – elements – subcombinations and... – Separator – retainer or spacer insulating structure
Patent
1980-08-04
1984-10-09
LeFevour, Charles F.
Chemistry: electrical current producing apparatus, product, and
Current producing cell, elements, subcombinations and...
Separator, retainer or spacer insulating structure
429147, 429225, H01M 218
Patent
active
044762038
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to improvements to lead-acid storage batteries having a long life.
The invention relates especially to lead-acid storage batteries which are able to withstand very quick charges, lasting about half an hour, with discharge times of approximately two hours, which corresponds to motor car requirements.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention will be better understood by the following description of certain preferred embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of a cell of a lead-acid storage battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a pattern of the deteriorating areas of a positive plate in a battery cell; and,
FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C and 4 are views illustrating the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention relates especially to cells for lead-acid batteries, such as that illustrated in FIG. 1, including a center positive plate 1 which is sandwiched between two negative plates 2 and 3. Between positive plate 1 and each of negative plates 2 and 3, is included a set of separator elements including successively, for example, a microporous flat shim 4, such as a Darak product made of paper pulp, glass wool and phenolic resin, an ondulated and perforated spacing element 5 made, for example, of PVC, and, an element 6 such as a fibrous mat. A pressure, illustrated by arrow F, is exerted against the storage battery cell. Of course, a plurality of storage battery cells, of a type illustrated in FIG. 1, can be paralellelly or series assembled, the pressure being applied to the whole assembled cell.
The inventors have experimentally found that structures such as that illustrated in FIG. 1, which were submitted to comparatively high pressures, for example, of about 0.4 or 1 bar or more, would allow to provide long life lead-acid storage battery cells withstanding one thousand charge-discharge cycles or more, with the charge duration being about half an hour and the discharge one about two hours. Comparatively, it will be noted that conventional lead-acid storage battery cells cannot exceed one hundred charge-discharge cycles when used at such a rate.
The inventors have checked lead-acid storage battery cells, such as the cells described in the foregoing with reference to FIG. 1, at the end of the life of the storage battery, i.e. when the storage capacity thereof becomes too low. It is mainly the positive plate which shows some defects. Such defects, corresponding to a deterioration of the active material, are substantially spread according to the pattern illustrated in FIG. 2: namely, the center portion 10 of the plate shows substantially no deterioration, whilst a comparatively important deterioration can be seen in the side areas 11.
Experiences carried out by the inventors have shown that such a deterioration of the side areas could be reduced by surrounding the positive plate with a material holding the active material within the positive plate. The life of the so obtained storage battery is increased.
FIG. 3A shows an embodiment of the present invention, wherein positive plate 1 is inserted between two microporous elements formed with shims 4, said microporous elements having an area higher than that of the plate and protruding on all the edges thereof, as illustrated in the front view of FIG. 4. In the passage formed between the projecting ends of microporous elements 4 is placed a line or cord 20 of epoxy resin, resistant to sulphuric acid, which covers the plate edges in order to prevent the active material from escaping and therefore to obtain a sealed assembly. Such an epoxy resin can be, for example, the product "A-32 glue" made by the Kodak company.
It is advisable to make sure that the epoxy resin line perfectly adheres to the edges of plate 1 and that the passage is free from intermediary bubbles. For that purpose, as illustrated in FIG. 3B, the ends 4a of microporous elements 4 are preferably shaped in order to face each other. In fac
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patent: 3625772 (1971-12-01), Himy
patent: 4037030 (1977-07-01), Sobatino
patent: 4086119 (1978-04-01), Vecchiotti
Alzieu Jean
Robert Jack
Agence Nationale de Valorisation de la Recherche Anvar
LeFevour Charles F.
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