Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Cast in situ concrete barrier with laterally projecting... – Shear-resisting means between sustainer and barrier
Patent
1981-03-05
1986-05-06
Ridgill, Jr., James L.
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Cast in situ concrete barrier with laterally projecting...
Shear-resisting means between sustainer and barrier
52692, 52602, E04B 104, E04C 330
Patent
active
045863075
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a prefabricated ceiling element for ceilings in buildings in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.
Different types of such ceilings are known. The steel girders of the known ceiling elements extend over the entire length of the ceiling element British Patent (GB-PS) No. 925 236; "Reference Sheet 115" of the Information Office for the Use of Steel, Duesseldorf, Page 15, DIN 1045.
These known ceiling elements and the building ceilings constructed of these elements all have the disadvantage that conduits to be installed at the construction sites must be passed through openings in the girders which requires a substantial expense for labor. Besides, the dimensions of such installation conduits are limited by the structural height.
It is the object of the invention to provide a prefabricated ceiling element for ceilings in buildings in which any installation conduits may be freely installed from below. Stated differently, it is the purpose to leave installation zones or lanes free along which all points of the ceiling may be reached. Further, the structural height shall not limit the diameter of the installation conduits and the material expense for the production shall be kept minimal.
These objectives are achieved by the features recited in the characterizing clause of claim 1.
The ceiling element, according to the invention, is placed with each of its ends which are free of the steel girder onto a support, for example, the upper edge of a supporting wall. Due to the spacing between the ends of the steel girder and the short side, there remains a free space between the inner surface of the support and the adjacent end of the steel girder extending in the longitudinal direction of the ceiling element. Thus, in this area an installation lane is provided extending across the longitudinal direction of the ceiling element and of the respective steel girder. Installation lanes or zones also remain free between the steel girders extending in the longitudinal direction. These installation lanes or zones are freely accessible from below when the ceiling has been installed so that any desired installation conduits may be installed without any problems.
The structural height of the ceiling may be selected to be minimal without limiting the permissable diameter of installation conduits to be installed. Similarly, the material expense may be minimized because the ceiling comprises substantially only the relatively thin concrete ceiling panel and the girder provided with many cutouts.
The steel girder of a known ceiling element (GB-PS 925 236) used to have the form of a lattice girder; however, instead the types characterized in claims 2 and 3 are presently preferred.
Different possibilities are also available for anchoring the tips of the steel girder web. The possibility characterized in claim 4 provides for a simple manufacturing of the girder itself in combination with an acceptable expense for the manufacturing of the ceiling element.
In the embodiment of the invention according to claim 5, however, the insertion of the concrete ceiling panel reinforcement is even simpler because even the crosswise extending reinforcing irons may first be placed into the molds for the concrete ceiling panel whereupon the steel girders with their tips may be inserted into this mold whereby the headed bolt dowels are pushed in between the reinforcing irons. However, the expense of manufacturing the steel girders themselves is substantially higher. Additionally, it is difficult to transport such steel girders separately because these girders are relatively unstable prior to being anchored in the concrete ceiling panel.
When the ceiling elements, according to the invention, are prefabricated, it is generally not possible to use steel girders having a length adjusted to the desired length of the ceiling elements. Stated differently, it is not possible to use such girders in which the spacings between the steel girder web tips have been so dimensioned so that it would be possible to anchor a tip in the concrete ce
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Fiergolla Ulrich
Rottmayr Josef
Fasse W. G.
Kane, Jr. D. H.
Ridgill, Jr. James L.
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