Mineral oils: processes and products – Products and compositions – Lubricating oils
Patent
1975-06-30
1978-08-22
Gantz, Delbert E.
Mineral oils: processes and products
Products and compositions
Lubricating oils
208 8, 23252B, 2041571S, 204158S, C10G 108, B01G 1102, B01J 112
Patent
active
041087593
ABSTRACT:
Process and apparatus for the gasification and liquefaction of bituminous type coal to produce fuel oil, including gasoline, and other liquid coal derivatives. The process includes the steps of providing clean, finely pulverized coal, gasifying the pulverized coal to produce hydrogen, by mixing the coal particles with superheated steam in the presence of heat in the range of 1,800.degree. to 2,000.degree. F., in a closed, oxygen-free pressure vessel, separating the hydrogen produced and introducing it into a closed, oxygen-free, coal liquefaction pressure vessel, for admixture with a slurry composed of fine particulate coal and a hydrogenating liquid, and subjecting the mixture to heat, pressure and ultrasonic shock waves to produce liquid effluent consisting of oil and a hydrogenating fluid. The effluent may be subjected either to fractionation in a still, or to centrifugation, to separate its oil and hydrogenating fluid components. The invention includes a coal gasification reactor comprising a closed, heated, high pressure vessel which reduces the chemical reaction residence time to gasify the finely pulverized coal to milliseconds. It also includes a coal liquefaction reactor comprising a closed, heated, high pressure vessel which greatly accelerates liquefaction of the coal, while providing substantially greater yields of fractionable liquid fuels.
REFERENCES:
patent: 2722498 (1955-11-01), Morrell et al.
patent: 3503865 (1970-03-01), Stone
patent: 3560347 (1971-02-01), Knapp et al.
patent: 3577337 (1971-05-01), Kessler et al.
Fuel, vol. 49, 1970, pp. 222-223, "Ultrasonic Solvation of Coal", Kessler et al.
Bureau of Mines, 1948 annual report, #4456, Synthetic Liquid Fuels - Oil from Coal, pp. 31-36.
Gantz Delbert E.
Thierstein J.
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