Process for the utilization of household rubbish or garbage and

Details Process for the utilization of household rubbish or garbage and Process for the utilization of household rubbish or garbage and

1982-08-04

1985-04-16

Bashore, S. Leon

Gas: heating and illuminating

Processes

Fuel mixtures

48209, 210603, 210612, 210613, 210630, 435801, C02F 1104, C02F 330, C12P 502

Patent

active

045113700

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a process for the utilization of household rubbish or garbage and other waste products containing organic substances by the decomposition of these substances in reaction chambers, accompanied by the production of methane gas. The substances are conducted in anaerobic and aerobic phases. The invention also relates to a plant for performing this process.
In known processes, the waste products produced by humans and animals are eliminated, particularly by refuse incineration and composting. In addition, sewage treatment plants are used for treating the contaminated water and feces, the sludge resulting from these processes being dried and either used as fertiliser or burnt. It is also known to decompose the sludge obtained in sewage treatment plants by methane-producing bacteria, the resulting methane gas being used for producing energy and heat. Although the hitherto known processes are relatively effective, they suffer from the disadvantage that the time required for the bacterial degradation of the organic substances is too long. This leads to the erection of treatment installations which are large compared with the waste product quantities to be processed.
The goal of the invention is to so develop a process for producing methane gas of the aforementioned type, that the bacterial degradation of the organic waste can be considerably accelerated, without the degradation process being performed any the less effectively.
According to the invention, this goal is achieved in that in the anaerobic phase, heat is supplied to the substances brought into the liquid state prior to their entry into the reaction chambers.
The process according to the invention is carried out in a plant in which the part of the plant used for the anaerobic phase comprises a holding container, at least one reaction vessel, and a heating device which is positioned between the waiting holding container and the reaction vessel for heating the substances.
The invention is described in greater detail hereinafter relative to an embodiment and the attached drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic view of a plant according to the invention in elevation.
FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the plant according to FIG. 1.
The invention is based on the consideration that the bacterial degradation of organic waste can be accelerated if thermophilic bacteria can be used. This is achieved if the degradation temperature can be kept at 50.degree. to 60.degree. C. Although this requires a supply of heat for heating the organic substances, it reduces the residence time of the degradable substances in the reaction vessels provided for them by approximately 2/3 compared with the hitherto known processes, so that constructional expenditure is significantly reduced and as a result the economic operation of such a plant is greatly improved.
The plant shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is used for the processing of household refuse and garbage and the organic substances separated therefrom can be mixed with other organic waste materials, e.g. manure, liquid manure, sewage sludge, etc.
The household refuse introduced into the plant is firstly supplied to a diagrammatically represented sorting plant 1 in which the organic substances are separated from the remaining materials such as e.g. metals, glass, plastics, cardboard, etc. The organic substances are fed through a conveyor 2 to a proportioning means 3 e.g. a proportioning screw, which has a slightly conically constructed charging hopper 4 on its top surface. The organic substances are fed to a mixing tank 5 from the outlet side of the proportioning screw 3. Liquid is fed into the mixing tank 5 via a liquid supply pipe 6. Supply pipe 6 has a connection 7 through which additional organic materials can be introduced into mixing tank 5, e.g. liquid manure or sewage sludge. The content of mixing tank 5 is mixed by means of a diagrammatically shown mechanical stirrer 8. Mixing tank 5 has no special means for removing oxygen and aerobic conditions prevail therein.
At the bottom of the mixing tank 5, which

REFERENCES:
patent: 3838199 (1974-09-01), Coe et al.
patent: 4022665 (1977-05-01), Ghosh et al.
patent: 4057401 (1977-11-01), Boblitz
patent: 4213857 (1980-07-01), Ishida et al.
patent: 4246099 (1981-01-01), Gould et al.
patent: 4274838 (1981-06-01), Dale et al.

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