Rotary expansible chamber devices – With plural working fluid inlet or outlet passages
Patent
1983-07-11
1985-10-01
Vrablik, John J.
Rotary expansible chamber devices
With plural working fluid inlet or outlet passages
418150, F04C 1800, F04C 2908
Patent
active
045443378
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a compressor in which limiting of refrigerative capacity at high speed operation is performed utilizing suction loss brought about by loss of vane chamber pressure during the suction stroke which drops below the supply source pressure of refrigerant.
BACKGROUND ART
In general a sliding vane type compressor comprises, as shown in FIG. 1, a cylinder 1 having interior cylindrical space, side plates (not shown in FIG. 1) which are fixed to both side faces of the cylinder and close tightly a vane chamber 2 in the interior space of the cylinder at its side faces, a rotor 3 arranged eccentrically within the cylinder 1, and vanes 5 engaged slidably in grooves 54 provided on the rotor 3. Further, reference numeral 6 designates a suction port formed in the side plate, and 7 designates a discharge hole formed in cylinder 1. The vanes 5 move outwardly due to centrifugal force upon rotation of the rotor 3, and the end edges slide on the interior wall surface of cylinder 1, thereby to prevent passage of gas in the compressor thereby.
In a rotary compressor such as a sliding vane type, a small and simple structure is possible compared with the reciprocating type compressor which is complex in its structure and which has many parts, so it has recently come to be used as an automobile refrigerant compressor. However, in this rotary type compressor, there are such problems as described hereinafter compared with the reciprocating type.
In the case of the automobile refrigerant compressor, the driving force of the automobile engine is transmitted to a pulley of a clutch through a belt, and it drives a rotary shaft of the compressor. Accordingly, when the sliding vane type compressor is used, its compression action rises in a proportion to the rotational speed of the engine of the automobile.
On the other hand, when a conventional reciprocating type comporessor has been used, the follow-up property of the suction valve becomes bad in the high rotational speed range, and gas to be compressed cannot be sucked fully into the cylinder, and as the result, compression of refrigerant is automatically reduced in the high rotational speed range, while in the rotary type compressor, there is no such action, and compression efficiency is decreased due to increasing compression work, or it reaches an over-cooling state. As a method to overcome the aforesaid problems in the rotary compressor, it has been proposed to provide a control valve to vary the cross-sectional area of the intake passage communicated with the suction port 6 of the rotary compressor, and control is performed by throttling the area in the high speed range and utilizing the suction loss. However, in this case, there is a problem that such a control valve must be added to the existing apparatus, which makes the construction become complex and the cost high. As another method to overcome over-compression of the rotary compressor in the high speed range, there has been proposed hitherto a construction in which the rotational speed is not increased over a certain value by using a fluid clutch, planetary gears, etc.
However, in the former arrangement, energy loss due to frictional heat generated by relatively moving faces is large, and in the latter arrangement the dimensions and shape of the apparatus become large due to the addition of the planetary gear mechanism having a large number of parts, whereby both arrangements are difficult to utilize practically where simplification and compactness are increasingly required and the trend toward energy-saving is increasing.
The present inventors have investigated in detail the phenomena of pressure in the vane chamber when the rotary compressor is used in order to overcome the problems in the refrigeration cycle of an air conditioner for a motor vehicle, and as a result, it has been found that self-restraining action of the refrigeration capacity in the high speed rotation range can be effectively achieved for a rotary compressor, similarly to the conventional reciprocating co
REFERENCES:
patent: 3199771 (1965-08-01), Becker
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