Surgery – Means for introducing or removing material from body for... – Treating material introduced into or removed from body...
Patent
1990-09-20
1993-06-22
Yasko, John D.
Surgery
Means for introducing or removing material from body for...
Treating material introduced into or removed from body...
604195, A61M 500
Patent
active
052212629
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a syringe and relates particularly to a hypodermic syringe incorporating a needle retractor.
Syringes currently in use have a fixed needle which is kept or sealed with an appropriate shield but which is otherwise permanently fixed to the syringe body for use. After the syringe has been used for the administration of a serum, an antibody or the like, a danger often exists with the exposed needle of the used syringe particularly if the needle has not been safely capped. Also, there is a danger that a used syringe may be reused in which case a danger exists of infection from the now non-sterile syringe.
BACKGROUND ART
Various solutions to the problem of an exposed needle of a syringe, after use, have been proposed. In U.S. Pat. No. 4,026,287 to Haller, it is proposed to form the forward end of the barrel of the syringe as a breakable end wall, the cannula mounted on the end wall being severable therefrom upon retraction of the plunger of the syringe. This, however, can lead to the breakable end wall breaking inadvertently during operation of the syringe or as a result of forces applied to the needle during use.
Various patent specifications have suggested an arrangement whereby the needle of the syringe is mounted in a hub and the syringe plunger can engage with the hub, such as by a screw threaded action, to thereby withdraw the hub from the end of the syringe barrel to retract the needle into the barrel. Such arrangements as are shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,675,005 to DeLuccia, for 4,650,468 to Jennings, 4,710,170 to Haber et al., 4,507,117 to Vining et. al., and 4,592,744 to Walter. The structure of all these syringes is relatively complex, requiring arrangements for engagement of needles within needle holders, engagements of needle holders within syringe barrels so as to seal the needle within the barrel, means for engaging the plunger with the needle holder, generally by a rotational, screw threading or bayonet attachment and relatively complex operation procedures to ensure the disclosed systems are effective.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,770,655 to Haber et. al. discloses a syringe construction in which the piston assembly has a detachable stem and a needle capturing receptacle which is axially and distally movable in the cylinder. When the piston is moved to the most distal aspect of the cylinder it selectively engages the needle. The piston is withdrawn to relocate the needle from the distal end to the proximal cylinder end. The needle capturing receptacle is locked at the proximal end of the cylinder with the needle cannula retracted within and shielded by the cylinder. The stem is detached from the piston assembly and discarded While the arrangement described is relatively simple, and therefore economical to produce, several actions are required in order to render the syringe relatively safe, one of those actions including breaking the stem from the piston assembly. It will be appreciated that un-intended stem breakage can easily occur through mis-use of the syringe, and if the stem is not broken, the syringe can be reused with relatively little difficultly.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is desirable to provide an improved construction of hypodermic syringe which is economical to manufacture, has relatively few parts compared to the commonly used, fixed needle syringes, but allows the needle to be retracted and safely stored within the syringe for disposal.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an improved hypodermic syringe which, after use, cannot be reused without replacement parts.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a hypodermic syringe which has a retractable needle and yet which also has a minimal free space.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a hypodermic syringe having a retractable needle so as to lower the possibility of a used needle entering the skin of a person after the syringe has been used.
Additional objects, advantages and features of the invention will be set forth in
REFERENCES:
patent: 4692156 (1987-09-01), Haller
Teskit Corporation Pty. Ltd.
Yasko John D.
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