System and method for shading graphic images using an accessibil

Details System and method for shading graphic images using an accessibil System and method for shading graphic images using an accessibil

1993-09-15

1996-02-20

Herndon, Heather R.

395129, 395132, G06T 1550

Patent

active

054936365

ABSTRACT:
A system for shading graphic images for realistic rendering representative of tarnish accumulation has a display device, a central processing unit, an input device, and a memory means. The memory includes image components, shading routines, accessibility routines, display routines, and a texture map. The system modifies each image prior to display to apply shading. The system uses the accessibility routines to produce an accessibility factor for each pixel in the image. The accessibility factor is then used by the display routines to apply the desired shading to each pixel as it is rendered on the display device. A method for producing an accessibility factor and determining the amount of shading applied to a pixel includes the steps of: identifying a surface and point corresponding to the pixel; identifying another object that affects the accessibility; determining the type of the other object; calculating the radius of a sphere tangent to both the point and the object; and setting the accessibility factor equal to the radius of the sphere. This process is then repeated for each object in the image. The minimum accessibility factor for all tested objects is determined, and then used by the present invention to apply the appropriate amount of shading to the pixel when it is rendered.

REFERENCES:
Foley et al., "Computer Graphics Principles and Practice", Addison-Wesley, 1990.
Leslie A. Kuhn, et al., "The Interdependence of Protein Surface Topography and Bound Water Molecules Revealed by Surface Accessibility and Fractal Density Measures", 1992, pp.13-22.
Michael L. Connolly, "Solvent-Accessible Surfaces of Proteins and Nucleic Acids", Aug. 1983, vol. 221, No.. 4612, pp. 709-713.
M. L. Connolly, "Measurement of Protein surface Shape by Solid Angles", Mar. 1986, vol. 4, No. 4.
Frederic M. Richards, "Packing Defects Cavities, Volume Fluctuations, And Access To The Interior Of Proteins. Including Some General Comments On Surface Area and Protein Structure," 1979, vol. 44, pp. 47-63.

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