Crop threshing or separating – Straw chaff spreader or handling – With chopper
Patent
1989-01-31
1990-04-03
Novosad, Stephen J.
Crop threshing or separating
Straw chaff spreader or handling
With chopper
460 99, 460100, 460114, 414505, A01D 4112, A01F 1240
Patent
active
049136798
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention refers to a device for combine harvesters equipped with rotary straw chopper, of the type equipped with a cleaning device for separated the chaff from the grains. The rotary chopper is connected to the straw outlet of the combine harvester, whereby the chaff coming from the cleaning device and transported by a flow of air is intended to be supplied to the rotary chopper.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Combine harvesters generally have a pickup reel with a cutting table, which can be twice as wide as the width of the harvester. This means that during harvest of straw fodder plants, the chaff after the treshing will be deposited on the field in a rather narrow string, which mainly corresponds to the width of the cleaning device. It nowadays is usual that the straw after treshing is cut and spread over an area mainly corresponding to the width of the cutting table, in order to allow it to be plowed into the soil. The field therefore will have row-formed areas, where the content of disintegrated straw and chaff is bigger than in adjacent areas, which almost entirely lack an admixture of chaff. This uneven distribution results in different growth conditions due to the fact that the growth is hampered in the areas where the soil contains too much disintegrated, but non-mouldered straw and chaff.
There are known treshing machines for treshing cut straw fodder plants, where the chaff from the cleaning device is supplied to a rotary chopper or a straw shredder. The purpose of this mixing of straw and chaff is to improve the nutritional value, in the case where straw is used as fodder. For this reason the rotary chopper outlet is usually equipped with a pressing device, which crushes the straw and the ears.
It was proven that the known technique is impossible to use, as the modern rotary chopper creates a positive pressure about the rotor, which pressure is so big so that the chaff is blown away, causing a blocking of the straw inlet. It also has been tried to feed the chaff tangentially in through a separate opening in the rotary chopper or the straw shredder, but the same problem also occurs in this case, i.e. the positive pressure from the rotor prevents the chaff from entering the rotary chopper. According to another suggestion (British patent No. 4220 from 1893) the chaff is transported by means of a particular blower via a conduit system to a position above the inlet of the rotary chopper. In order to transport the quantities of chaff concerned a rather big positive pressure in the blower is required, which means that an air cushion is created above the rotary chopper, which may cause the straw feed to be blocked.
THE PURPOSE AND MOST IMPORTANT FEATURES OF THE INVENTION
The purpose of the invention is to provide a device by which the chaff is spread over the full harvesting breadth of the combine harvester and is also efficiently admixed with the disintegrated straw, so that a continuous and even distribution of material on the field can be obtained. The device thereby must be such that it does not affect transportation of the non-chopped straw to the rotary straw chopper or adversely affect the separation of the grain from the chaff. It furthermore should be possible, if the rotary chopper is disengaged, e.g. if the straw shall be laid in rows, to deposit the chaff as earlier in a narrow row or alternatively to spread it over the full harvesting width of the combine harvester, without the straw thereby being disintegrated.
These tasks have been attained in that the rotary chopper is also designed as a lateral flow blower, which is arranged to create, at the inlet of the rotary chopper, a negative pressure. Also, the outlet of the cleaning device is directed obliquely upwards towards the fall-out area of the straw above the inlet of the rotary chopper. Thus, the chaff is mixed with the straw prior to reaching the rotary chopper and the flow of air transporting the chaff to the inlet of the rotary chopper is so dimensioned as to have a pressure within the fall-out area of the straw whic
REFERENCES:
patent: 3450286 (1969-06-01), Tessman
patent: 3669123 (1972-06-01), Gaeddert et al.
patent: 4637406 (1987-01-01), Guinn et al.
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