Plants – Rose – Climber
Patent
1991-06-14
1993-05-11
Locker, Howard J.
Plants
Rose
Climber
A01H 500
Patent
active
PP0082252
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention comprises a new and distinct cultivar of Chrysanthemum, botanically known as Dendranthema grandiflora, and referred to by the cultivar name Bronze Melosa.
Bronze Melosa, identified as 3448 (85-268A08), is a product of a mutation induction program. The new cultivar was discovered and selected by Cornelis P. VandenBerg in November 1988 in a controlled environment in Salinas, Calif., as one flowering plant within a flowering block established as rooted cuttings from stock plants which has been exposed as unrooted cuttings to an X-ray source of 2000 rads in Ft. Meyers, Fla., in March 1988. The irradiated parent cultivar was the cultivar identified as Melosa, disclosed in U.S. Plant Pat. No. 7,465.
The irradiation program resulting in Bronze Melosa had as its primary objective the expansion of color ranges of the parent cultivar Melosa. The irradiation program comprised irradiating cuttings of the parent cultivar at irradiation levels of 1500, 1750 and 2000 rads. A total of 1,324 cuttings harvested from a total of 225 irradiated plants were planted on September 19, September 12 and September 5, respectively. A resupply of material irradiated at 1500 rads was planted on Oct. 3, 1988. Of the total cuttings planted, 20 initial selections were made, which selections were then revegetated and reflowered. Two consecutive flowerings resulted in discarding 6 of the original 20 selections on Jul. 25, 1989. Because of the potential importance of the parent cultivar Melosa, it was decided to flower all remaining 14 selections in Bogota, Colombia, and to re-flower the same selections in Salinas, as Active status plants. Flowering in Bogota resulted in discarding 12 of these 14 selections on Apr. 10, 1990, and the decision to introduce one selection (3448) as Bronze Melosa. During a flowering in Salinas, on Jun. 19, 1990, one remaining selection was discarded, and two selections, which were previously discarded in Bogota were re-instated as Dark Melosa (3456) and Coral Melosa (3458) for possible introduction in the United States only.
The first act of asexual reproduction of Bronze Melosa was accomplished when vegetative cuttings were taken from the initial selection in January 1989 in a controlled environment in Salinas, Calif., by technicians working under supervision of Cornelis P. VandenBerg.
Horticultural examination of controlled flowerings of successive plantings has shown that the unique combination of characteristics as herein disclosed for Bronze Melosa are firmly fixed and are retained through successive generations of asexual reproduction.
Bronze Melosa has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions. The phenotype may vary significantly with variations in environment such as temperature, light intensity and daylength.
The following observations, measurements and comparisons describe plants grown in Salinas, Calif., and in Bogota, Colombia, under greenhouse conditions which approximate those generally used in commerical greenhouse practice. The low night temperature tolerance was determined in repeated flowerings in Bogota, Colombia, with an average minimum low night temperature inside the greenhouse during our trials ranging from 6.3 to 10.0 degrees Celsius.
The following traits have been repeatedly observed and are determined to be basic characteristics of Bronze Melosa, which, in combination, distinguish this Chrysanthemum as a new and distinct cultivar:
1. Flat capitulum form.
2. Decorative capitulum type.
3. Light-orange ray floret color with slightly darker center.
4. Diameter across face of capitulum of 89 to 102 mm when fully opened, when grown as a single stem spray cut mum.
5. Photoperiodic flowering response to short days in Salinas under normal temperatures is 47 to 57 days after start of short days. Flowering response in Bogota, Colombia under temperatures of minimum 6.3 degrees Celsius night and maximum 29 degrees Celsius day is 65 to 72 days.
6. Plant height, with 6 to 8 long days prior to start of short days, ranges from 79 to 91 cm when grown in Salinas as
REFERENCES:
patent: 4616099 (1986-10-01), Sparkes
Gosling, ed. 1979. "The Chrysanthemum Manual-6th edition" The National Chrysanthemum Society, London, Esses Telegraph Press, Ltd., pp. 329-336.
Broertjes et al. 1978. "Application of mutation breeding methods in the improvement of vegetatively propagated crops", Elsevier Sci. Pub. Co., New York, pp. 162-175.
Broertjes et al. 1980. "A mutant of a mutant of a mutant of a . . . Irradiation of progressive radiation-induced mutants in a mutation breeding programme with Chrysanthemum morifolium", Euphtica, 29: 526-530.
Searle, et al. 1968. "Chrysanthemums the Year Round", Blanford Press, London, pp. 27-29, 320-327.
Chan. 1966. "Chrysanthemum and rose mutations induced by X-rays", Am. Soc. Hart. Sci. Proc., pp. 613-620.
Broertjes, 1966. "Mutation breeding of Chrysanthemums", Euphytica, 15:156-162.
Dowrick et al. 1966. "The induction of mutations in Chrysanthemum using X- and gamma radiation", Euphytica, 15:204-210.
Locker Howard J.
Yoder Brother's Inc.
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