Micro-electromechanical relays

Details Micro-electromechanical relays Micro-electromechanical relays

1996-08-01

2000-07-25

Donovan, Lincoln

Electricity: magnetically operated switches, magnets, and electr

Electromagnetically actuated switches

Polarity-responsive

257421, 200181, H01H 5122

Patent

active

060941162

ABSTRACT:
A micro-electromechanical relay ("micro-relay") designed to both miniaturize and improve upon present day electromechanical relays. The micromachining fabrication process used to make the micro-relay is based upon technology originally used by integrated circuit (IC) manufacturers. In simplest terms, the preferred process consist of three steps, all performed using micromachining techniques. First, a layer of magnetic material is laid down on a substrate and patterned into a desired shape. Next, an electromagnetic coil is created adjacent this material. Finally, a second layer of very efficient magnetic material is laid down adjacent the first two layers, forming a magnetic circuit, and having a portion fashioned into a deflectable structure, such as a cantilever beam. The deflectable structure has at least a portion that is suspended over or adjacent to at least one electrical contact. In operation, current passes through the coil, causing the deflectable structure to deflect, and either make or break contact with the electrical contacts. The micro-relay includes a unique unpowered hold feature By integrating an electrostatic actuating capacitor into the micro-relay, an electrostatic force can be generated between the cantilever beam and the substrate of the micro-relay that is strong enough to hold the relay in the "ON" position. Turning the relay "OFF" requires only that the voltage be removed.

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Hosaka, et al., Electromagnetic Microrelays: Concepts and Fundamental Characteristics, IEEE 0-7803-0957-2/93 (1993).

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