Sulfited fatty compounds with a reduced content of free hydrogen

Details Sulfited fatty compounds with a reduced content of free hydrogen Sulfited fatty compounds with a reduced content of free hydrogen

1995-05-30

1996-09-10

Green, Anthony

Compositions

Leather or fur treating

8 9422, 8 9423, 554 88, C14C 900, C14C 1100

Patent

active

055543065

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to sulfited fatty compounds with a reduced content of free hydrogen sulfite, to a process for their production, in which unsaturated fatty compounds are blown and sulfited and unreacted hydrogen sulfite is fixed as sulfosuccinates by aftertreatment with maleic acid esters and optionally bases, and to the use of the sulfited fatty compounds as leather auxiliaries.
2. Discussion of Related Art
Apart from tanning agents, oiling agents are the most important auxiliaries for bringing out the character of leather. Oiling agents develop their effect by fiber-insulating lubrication and by hydrophobicization.
The coating of the leather fibers with a fatty film reduces mutual friction and, hence, improves the suppleness and elasticity of the tissue. This has positive effects on the tear strength of the leather because, in an elastic material, many fibers--when subjected to tensile stressing--align themselves in the same direction as the tensile stress and then offer greater resistance to tearing than the same fibers in a brittle material. In addition, tanning effects are obtained through the hydrophobicization because hydrophobicization is accompanied by the displacement of water from the skin.
Vegetable and animal oils, fats and waxes and the hydrolysis, sulfonation, oxidation and hydrogenation products obtained therefrom by chemical conversion and, finally, mineral oiling agents are generally used for oiling leather. More specifically:
Saponifiable fats and oils and natural waxes and resins belong to the esters. Oils and fats are understood by the leather expert to be esters of glycerol and fatty acids which are solid or liquid at room temperature. From the group of animal fats, train oils, fish oil, beef tallow and neat's foot oil in particular and, from the group of vegetable fats, castor oil, rapeseed oil and linseed oil are used for oiling leather. In waxes and resins, the fatty acids are esterified with relatively high molecular weight alcohols instead of glycerol. Examples of waxes are beeswax, chinese wax, carnauba wax, montan wax and wool grease. The most important resins include colophony, birch bark oil and shellac.
The chemical conversion of vegetable and animal fats gives products which are soluble in water and which, in addition, emulsify water-insoluble fatty compounds to different extents. Known products include, for example, the sulfonated water-soluble oils of various kinds, train oils modified by oxidation which are known as degras or moellon, the soaps formed in the hydrolysis of natural fats, hydrogenated fats and, finally, free fatty acids, such as stearic acid, as baking fats. Most animal and vegetable fats have a certain affinity for leather which is considerably enhanced by the introduction or exposure of hydrophilic groups.
Mineral oiling agents are also important in leather manufacture. These hydrocarbons are similar to natural fats and oils in certain properties, but cannot be saponified. They are fractions from the distillation of petroleum which are known as mineral oil in liquid form, as vaseline in paste-like form and as paraffin in solid form.
In many cases, however, unwanted stains known as fatty spew are formed over a period of time on the surface of tanned and oiled leather. Fatty spew is mainly formed on chrome-tanned leather after relatively short or prolonged storage as a white, often bloom-like coating which only covers individual parts of the leather surface or even the entire leather surface. Fatty spew is attributable to the secretion of solid fatty compounds from the leather. It can be caused by the natural fat present in the leather or by fatty compounds which have been incorporated in the leather during the oiling process.
Fatty mixtures used to oil leather tend to form fatty spew in particular when they contain many free fatty acids. Free fatty acids generally have a higher melting point than their glycerides. The hydrolysis of fatty compounds during storage of the leather increases the risk

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