Fluid sprinkling – spraying – and diffusing – Flow deflecting or rotation controlling means – Fluid rotation inducing means upstream of outlet
Patent
1989-10-26
1990-11-06
Kashnikow, Andres
Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
Flow deflecting or rotation controlling means
Fluid rotation inducing means upstream of outlet
239337, 239489, 2395331, B05B 134
Patent
active
049679643
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a universal spraying nozzle for dispersing fluids under pressure, containing a disc-shaped vaporizing body placed in the bore of the nozzle case and a nozzle connected to said vaporizing body by its headwall, wherein the bore of the nozzle case is in connection with the surrounding space on the one hand and the space containing the fluid under pressure on the other hand; there are whirl ducts between a whirl body and the nozzle case, the nozzle has a central bore, and between the whirl body and the nozzle there is at least one ring duct and there are radial ducts that connect the ring duct and the central bore.
The polluting effect of the liquid power gases used in aerosol bottles is getting more and more obvious, therefore their elimination is more and more reasonable and the application of non-polluting power gases, e.g. air is emphasized considerably. That is why nozzles are manufactured where the perfect forming and dispersion of the spray is ensured exclusively by mechanical effects. In this case the active ingredient occupies a certain percentage of the volume of the container and the separate propellant gas is under overpressure not being united into the fluid. The volume rates are determined basically by the viscosity of the fluid. In this case, the dispersion is performed exclusively by the flow of the fluid under pressure in the spraying nozzle.
It is well known that the quality of the spray cloud vaporized by the spraying nozzles is good if the particles have extremely small dimensions, their distribution is uniform and they are produced continuously. In order to realize this quality, a pressure of about 3 atmospheres must be applied when using a liquid propellant gas. If the gas does not participate in forming the spray cloud because it is not soluble in the fluid or because it can not be mixed with it, at least 6 atmospheres must be applied in order to achieve the required quality of the spray cloud.
A description of nozzles of this type can be found e.g. in the French Patent No. 2,325,434. The nozzle of that patent contains ring ducts and a central whirl chamber in order to ensure a fine atomization of the fluid. However, the shape of the whirl chamber enables uncontrollable flows and the chamber does not contain elements that increase the speed of the fluid in the direction of the outflow. Therefore it is not suitable for dispersing relatively low pressured fluids in a form of fine mist, without using propellant gas.
According to U.S. Pat. No. 3,652,018, sulphur is applied in forming the dispersion cloud. This type of nozzle has ducts separated from each other by means of baffles. The four ducts flow into a central cylindrical mixing chamber and form the spray cloud in this way. However, this nozzle is not suitable for dispersing products that require higher quality standards, e.g. hair fixers, deodorants, air fresheners or insecticides. These fluids must have a particle size of between 5 and 10 microns in the air after dispersion, in order to ensure a quick evaporation on the one hand and a hovering state of the drops in the air on the other hand.
Another device that operates without propellant gas dissolved in the fluid to be dispersed is shown in the European Patent No. 0,000,688. Its main feature is that it has a nozzle core arranged in the body of the nozzle so that the feed ducts that are perpendicular to the internal wall of the nozzle body lead the fluid by a perpendicular impact into multi-stage switching ducts formed in the body of the nozzle, where a whirling flow of the substance occurs. From there on the material flows into a ring duct, then toward the outlet opening through other tangential ducts. It is evident that the turbulence between the switching ducts and the circular rings promotes the formation of the spray, but the perpendicular impact is not the best way because in the case of flowing liquids it causes a considerable decrease of the pressure. Therefore the motion energy of the liquid decreases.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4087050 (1978-05-01), Tsuji et al.
patent: 4884750 (1989-12-01), Werding
Duna Elelmiszer Es Vegyiaru Kereskedelmi Vallalat
Grant William
Kashnikow Andres
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