Patent
1995-06-14
1998-09-08
MacDonald, Allen R.
395 239, G10L 302
Patent
active
058057706
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to a signal encoding apparatus and a signal encoding method for carrying out encoding of input digital data by so called an efficient encoding, a recording medium adapted so that such encoded signals are recorded therein, and a signal decoding apparatus adapted for decoding an encoded signal transmitted, or an encoded signal reproduced from such a recording medium.
BACKGROUND ART
Hitherto, there are various efficient encoding techniques for audio signals or speech signals, etc. For example, there are enumerated a Sub Band Coding (SBC) which is the non-blocking frequency band division system of dividing an audio signal on the time base, etc. into signals (signal components) in a plurality of frequency bands without carrying out blocking thereof in certain unit times to encode them, so called a transform encoding which is the blocking frequency band division system of dividing a signal on the time base into blocks every predetermined unit time to carry out transform (spectrum transform) processing into signals on the frequency base every respective blocks to divide them into signals (signal components) in a plurality of frequency bands to encode such signals every respective bands, and the like. Moreover, an efficient encoding technique in which the Sub Band Coding (SBC) and the transform encoding described above are combined is also proposed. In this case, e.g., an approach is employed to carry out band division by the Sub Band Coding thereafter to spectrum-transform signals every respective bands into signals on the frequency base to implement encoding to the spectrum-transformed signals every respective bands.
As a filter for band division used in the Sub Band Coding technique and the combined efficient encoding technique mentioned above, etc., there is, e.g., a filter so called QMF, etc. Such filter is described in, e.g., 1976 R.E. Crochiere Digital coding of speech in subbands Bell Syst. Tech. J. Vol. 55, No. 8, 1976. In addition, in, e.g., ICASSP 83, BOSTON Polyphase Quadrature filters--A new subband coding technique Joseph H. Rothweiler, a filter division technique of equal bandwidth is described.
Moreover, as the above-described spectrum transform processing, e.g., there is such a spectrum transform processing to divide an input audio signal into blocks every predetermined unit time (frame) to carry out, every respective blocks, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), or Modified DCT (MDCT), etc. to thereby transform signals on the time base into signals on the frequency base. The above-mentioned MDCT is described in ICASSP 1987 Subband/Transform Coding Using Filter Bank Designs Based on Time Domain Aliasing Cancellation J. P. Princen A. B. Bradley Univ. of Surrey Royal Melbourne Inst. of Tech.
By quantizing signals divided every bands by the filter or the spectrum transform processing in this way, it is possible to control a band or bands where quantizing noises take place, and to carry out more efficient encoding from a viewpoint of the hearing sense by making use of the property (phenomenon from an auditory point of view) such as the masking effect, etc. In such a case, when an approach is employed to carry out, prior to implementation of quantization, every respective bands, e.g., normalization by the maximum values of absolute values of signal components in corresponding bands, it is possible to carry out more efficient encoding.
Moreover, as a frequency division technique for quantizing respective frequency components which have been caused to undergo frequency band division, there is carried out, e.g., a band division in which the auditory (hearing) sense characteristic of the human being is taken into consideration. Namely, there are instances where an audio signal is divided into plural (e.g., 25) bands by bandwidths such that according as frequency shifts to higher frequency band side, bandwidths are broader, which are generally called critical bands. Further, in encoding data every respective bands at this time, encoding
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Dorvil Richemond
MacDonald Allen R.
Sony Corporation
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