Prosthesis (i.e. – artificial body members) – parts thereof – or ai – Arterial prosthesis – Stent structure
Patent
1996-06-20
1999-01-19
Milano, Michael J.
Prosthesis (i.e., artificial body members), parts thereof, or ai
Arterial prosthesis
Stent structure
A61F 206
Patent
active
058610251
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a tubular expandable member for an endoprosthesis intended to be implanted in the lumen of a blood vessel, particularly for repairing narrowed or blocked blood vessels, such as the coronary arteries, the peripheral arteries or the renal arteries, or for treating aneurysms, particularly of the aorta in humans. It can also be used to treat stenoses or leakages in ducts other than vessels in the human body: bile ducts, urinary tract, airways, digestive tract, etc.
Experience has shown that an intraluminal endovascular prosthesis represents a possible alternative to conventional vascular surgery. The intraluminal endovascular prosthesis involves percutaneously inserting a tubular prosthetic graft, particularly of metal, into a blood vessel, and bringing it by way of a catheter towards the desired site inside the vascular system. The advantages of this method over conventional vascular surgery are that it is not necessary to perform surgical exposure, incision, removal, replacement or bypassing of the defective blood vessel.
The endoprostheses for the treatment of aneurysms comprise, in addition to the tubular member which has a fastening function, a textile covering which ensures the imperviousness of the new aorta.
The tubular metal fastening members (stents) are of three types: expandable, self-expanding, or with thermal shape memory.
The prostheses of the expandable type are the ones most used for the treatment of stenoses. They comprise a tubular expandable member made of metal on which is fixed, in the case of the endoprostheses intended for aneurysms, the textile covering.
The prosthesis is pressed onto the angioplasty balloon catheter and the whole assembly is introduced into a sheath. By retracting the sheath at the release site, the balloon is inflated and will create a plastic deformation of the prosthesis. Once implanted, the diameter of the prosthesis is the one which has been set, that is to say the diameter of the balloon catheter following inflation.
One of the major problems is associated with the size of the prosthesis. In the case of the human aorta, for example, the prosthesis, once it has been fitted in the lumen of the aorta, must have a diameter of the order of 20 mm, but it must not have a diameter any greater than 3 to 4 mm in the initial state, so that it can be introduced into the vessel and brought to the site in which it is to be placed.
There is therefore a need for tubular expandable members which can attain a final diameter of close to 20 mm, while at the same time having as small as possible a diameter in the initial state.
A tubular expandable member is known, especially from EP 0,364,787, which comprises slots formed in the wall of the tubular member and disposed substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tubular member, each slot being uniformly separated from the adjoining slot, along a circumferential axis, by transverse connection pieces, in such a way as to form longitudinal tube portions established between successive slots. The ends of each slot are disposed in intermediate fashion in relation to the adjoining slot in such a way that the transverse connection pieces disposed at the end of each slot and between the longitudinal portions are in turn disposed in intermediate fashion in relation to the two ends of the adjoining slot, the adjoining slots thereby being disposed in a staggered manner in relation to one another. The longitudinal portions have a width which is substantially identical to that of the transverse connection pieces, so that when the prosthesis is put into place, a deformation of the longitudinal portions takes place essentially in the part situated between two successive transverse connection pieces along the longitudinal axis, providing the tubular member with diamond-shaped openings upon completion of the dilation.
The disadvantages of such a tubular member are a lack of longitudinal flexibility, a reduction in the final length, after positioning, compared to the initial length, and difficulties of crimp
REFERENCES:
patent: 3657744 (1972-04-01), Ersek
patent: 4994071 (1991-02-01), MacGregor
patent: 5360443 (1994-11-01), Barone
Boudghene Frank Philippe
Lavaste Francois
Michel Jean Baptiste
Sapoval Marc Robert
Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris
Milano Michael J.
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