Furnaces – Refuse incinerator
Patent
1994-05-02
1996-10-15
Moulis, Thomas N.
Furnaces
Refuse incinerator
110248, 122 2, B09B 300, F23D 1400
Patent
active
055643485
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a process for regulating the combustion of solid fuels in a solid fuel combustion plant, in which the incompletely burned gases that are formed in the loading chamber are returned as a down-draft flow through at least one channel that is provided between an outer wall of the loading chamber and a wall of the furnace, in the lower area of the loading chamber, and into the fire bed of the loading chamber.
In the combustion plant described in DE-PS 26 48 732, the loading shaft is separated from a combustion chamber that follows the loading shaft by a wall; the combustion chamber is connected to the loading shaft through a passage opening, the so-called combustion outlet. In addition, at least one channel runs between the wall of the furnace and the loading shaft and the lower end of this is connected through a port with the lower area of the loading shaft and the upper end is connected through a further passage opening to the upper area of the loading shaft. A mixture of incompletely burned gas and air is passed to the channels through the upper port and this flows downwards as a down-draft in the channel(s), and is delivered for combustion through the lower port to the incandescent bed that is located in the area of the grate.
However, the combustion process in this known filling shaft combustion furnace is still not satisfactory, for the cooler incompletely burned gases that form in the area of the combustion outlet influence combustion in a disadvantageous manner. The cooler incompletely burned gases flow, in part, directly through the combustion outlet and into the combustion chamber. As a result of this, complete combustion of these incompletely burned gases becomes impossible. In addition, on the opposite side of the combustion outlet, the combustion material burns very intensely. In order to eliminate the negative effects on combustion that result from this, and in order to arrive at satisfactory combustion of the combustion materials, up to now it has been necessary to intensify the air-gas mixture ahead of the combustion outlet, which once again leads to more rapid combustion in this area, and this results in a so-called empty burn in this area; this means that the air-gas mixture that is delivered moves directly into the flow of exhaust gas, without passing through the fire bed.
It is the task of the present invention to identify measures that ensure that the incompletely burned gases that form in the vicinity of the combustion outlet, and which arrive there, no longer flow downwards, through the combustion outlet.
In the process according to the present invention, the incompletely burned gases that are formed immediately above the area of the combustion outlet are directed upwards along the inner wall of the loading chamber that runs between the loading chamber and the combustion chamber, are returned along the cover area of the loading chamber in the channels between the outer wall of the loading chamber and the furnace wall, and back to the fire bed, as a down-draft. When this is done, it is preferred that the flow path of the incompletely burned gases be effected by supplying fresh air with an injector effect within the cover area of the loading chamber and/or by the down-draft flow of the incompletely burned gases in the channel(s) that guides the incompletely burned gas downflow, optionally with an additional fresh air feed with an injector effect.
A device that is suitable for carrying out the process according to the present invention is characterized in that a covering that screens the opening of the combustion outlet against the passage of incompletely burned gases that form above the combustion outlet be arranged above the combustion outlet; and/or that a channel (referred to hereinafter as the loading chamber cover channel) be located in the cover area of the loading chamber and connects the upper area of the loading chamber with the channels or channel that runs between the loading chamber and the furnace wall and introduces the incompletely burned gases
REFERENCES:
patent: 1769880 (1930-07-01), Howle
patent: 2608943 (1952-09-01), Weggel
patent: 2829610 (1958-04-01), Paskowski
patent: 3043246 (1962-07-01), Hebert
patent: 4080909 (1978-03-01), Nalbandian et al.
patent: 4976209 (1990-12-01), Piggin
Groschl Johann
Groschl Josef
Groschl Rupert
Pressl Rudolf
Tomaschitz Peter
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