Process and device of applying multi-component resins and use of

Details Process and device of applying multi-component resins and use of Process and device of applying multi-component resins and use of

1992-07-31

1994-12-13

Beck, Shrive

Coating processes

Coating pavement or the earth

427420, 2394275, 239428, 239432, B05B 704, E01B 100

Patent

active

053728440

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a national stage application of PCT/EP90/02007.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION

Subject matter of the present invention is a process and a device for applying multi-component resins to porous, granular material to be compacted, in particular, bulk material to be compacted, optionally subsequently densified by rapping, etc. Typical such materials are, for example, ballasts for rail vehicles, additional stone bottomings finer in grain on such ballasts, but also sand and pebble bottomings for road construction to be cemented together without losing their water permeability.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

With ballasts for rail vehicles, cementing is effected particularly in the transition zones between soft and hard areas according to Applicant's German Patent Application P 39 41 141.9. According to Applicant's German Patent Application P 40 14 529.8, it may further be purposeful, particularly in curves, to increase the cross-sliding resistance of railway sleepers on ballast. According to Applicant's German Patent Application P 39 41 142.7, bottomings finer in grain on such ballasts are cemented using multi-component resins to increase sound absorption and/or cleanability of a railway track. In particular, cementing of pebbles and sand, with water permeability and porosity being retained, are performed to ensure rapid drainage of surface water, and thereby to reduce traffic noise even in rain.
In all these cases, as well as in similar fields of application for cementing porous granular material and bulk material using multi-component resins, it is required to apply a sufficient amount of said multi-component resins as uniformly as possible such that, at least in the upper region, the pasts are wetted over the total area, and adhesive bridges are formed at least at the contact points. Any excess amount of multi-component resin is to flow off downward and to coat further material there. By no means are the voids to be filled, as this would impede porosity of the cemented bulk material as well as its permeability for water and other liquids. Thus, the multi-component resins should not be too highly viscous and, if possible, not thixotropic. The setting reaction is to occur only after a sufficient depth of the bulk material layer is coated with the multi-component resin but not filled up to total volume. Since multi-component resins generally are very reactive substances possibly leading to irritation of skin and mucosae when processed, formation of spray mists should be suppressed or completely avoided. Moreover, processing in tunnels or in closed spaces should be performed without using solvents. In principle, this requirement also holds in open air since solvents evaporating immediately or subsequently result in an environmental burden to be avoided if ever possible. Nevertheless, the multi-component resins must be applicable rapidly, simply, and safely to keep material and wage expenses as low as possible.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This ambivalent, difficult, and partially contradictory problem can be solved in a surprisingly simple manner in that the components, physically separated from each other, at relatively high pressure, are fed to a mixing chamber, mixed by turbulent means in the mixing chamber, and applied as mixture at relatively low pressure as thin curtain in laminar flow to the material.
Preferably, by selecting components and, optionally, suitable additives, there is provided that viscosity of the mixture is increased to from 300 to 1000 mPas, but the surface tension is decreased. These two properties make contributions in that the thin curtain of the mixture does not break up too early, thus forming spray mists.
Here, components and additives should be free of solvents to begin with. Further, addition of solvents should be abandoned completely.
Fan spray nozzles operating at relatively low pressure are particularly suited in generating a thin curtain of mixture emerging in laminar flow. Suitable fan spray nozzles are offered, for example, by the company Spraying Systems Deutsch

REFERENCES:
patent: 3795364 (1974-03-01), Kattner
patent: 4186256 (1980-01-01), Geise
patent: 4236674 (1980-12-01), Dixon
patent: 4339078 (1982-07-01), Ford et al.
patent: 4761299 (1988-08-01), Hufstetter et al.
patent: 5180104 (1993-01-01), Mellette

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