Radiant energy – Corona irradiation
Patent
1997-03-21
1998-08-04
Berman, Jack I.
Radiant energy
Corona irradiation
361231, H01T 2300
Patent
active
057897492
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to electronic devices of the "generators of negative or positive ions" type. These devices permit maintaining within an enclosure or a locality an ion density (for example of negative ions of oxygen O.sub.2 in the air) for homogeneous or localized distribution, permanent or temporary, previously predetermined and also as high as necessary, in the absence of any production of harmful or toxic compounds (ozone O.sub.3 and/or nitrogen oxides NO.sub.x among others).
Known devices of this type rely on the "corona" (or "point" effect). Acting with a voltage for example of -6 to -12 kV, a metallic point then emits an electron flux increasing rapidly (exponentially) with the applied voltage.
The known defects of these devices, inherent in their emissive structure, however limit drastically their performances, and more particularly the interest and the possibilities of uses. In particular, the rudimentary emission configuration generally adopted gives rise to inevitable consequences: the production of a sufficient ion flux, but difficult to control or even dangerous for present applications, point, favoring intense production of peroxidizers already cited and harmful by the screen effect at the ionic emission intensity, by the "electrical wind" resulting from very high voltages used, inhomogeneous ambient ionic density, energy, noisy, subject to wear (fan, turbine . . . ), a cause of undesirable turbulence in the air (blowing into suspension the pollutants that are present) and troublesome, exaggerating still more the directedness of the device.
Such faults were largely improved, and certain were overcome in devices provided with "the electronic optics" according to the patents FR-A-2 603 428 and FR-A-2 687 858. However, several defects remained which were inherent in the configuration adopted: field plate (connected to the mass and to the ground), due to the necessarily limited diameter of the openings of said plate (maximum "folding back" necessary for the equally potential zero), the needles by the lateral corona effect (discharge), giving rising to a substantial loss of output, partial "folding back" of the equipotential zero, resulting from the large diameter of the openings of the field plate, thereby reducing the output of the device.
The new device according to the invention seeks to overcome the defects recited above, and is thus exempt from the recited drawbacks. The experimental control (measurements in a Faraday cage or global flow) of an embodiment of said new device permits verifying the effective disappearance of the mentioned defects.
To this end, the invention has for its object a generator of positive or negative ions in a gaseous medium, comprising electronic optics constituted by at least one emissive needle or point disposed in a system of support and acceleration plates, focussing and diffusing the ions, comprising a first conductive plate on which is secured the non-emissive end of the needle, a second conductive plate traversed by said needle and provided, on its surface turn toward said first conductive plate, an insulating plate, said first and second conductive plates being connected to a suitable source of high voltage electricity and an insulating plate arranged at the height of the emissive end of the needle and ensuring the diffusion of the electrons emitted by the needle, material with high resistivity, low loss and relatively high permissivity, in that the portion of said sheath located on the side of the emissive end of the needle is extended by a first proximal conic section of the same material as the sheath and leaving exposed said emissive end, structure of the same material as the sheath, in that said distal conical structure is extended by a plate of the same material as the sheath and constituting with the distal conical structure said diffusion plate for the electrons and in that said extending plate is fixed below a plate of a material of very low electrical conductivity, adapted to form a portion of the external casing of the generator.
Other
REFERENCES:
patent: 3711710 (1973-01-01), Wright
patent: 4227235 (1980-10-01), Bishop
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