VUV lithography

Radiant energy – Irradiation of objects or material – Irradiation of semiconductor devices

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2504921, 2504923, 250504R, 313 35, 313 39, H01L 2126

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active

049805630

ABSTRACT:
Deep UV projection lithography can be performed using an e-beam pumped solid excimer UV source, a mask, and a UV reduction camera. The UV source produces deep UV radiation in the range 1700-1300A using xenon, krypton or argon; shorter wavelengths of 850-650A can be obtained using neon or helium. A thin solid layer of the gas is formed on a cryogenically cooled plate and bombarded with an e-beam to cause fluorescence. The UV reduction camera utilizes multilayer mirrors having high reflectivity at the UV wavelength and images the mask onto a resist coated substrate at a preselected demagnification. The mask can be formed integrally with the source as an emitting mask.

REFERENCES:
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patent: 4498009 (1985-02-01), Reynolds
patent: 4516253 (1985-05-01), Novak
patent: 4526034 (1985-07-01), Campbell et al.
"Excited Fluorescence in Solid Nobel Gases Excited by 10-30 kV Electrons" by Ernest E. Huber, Jr. et al., Optics Communications, vol. 11, No. 2, Jun. 1974.
"Sustainer Enhancement of the VUV Fluorescence in High-Pressure Xenon" by Ernest E. Huber et al., IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, vol. QE-12, No. 6, Jun. 1976.
"Radiative and Kinetic Mechanisms in Bound-Free Excimer Lasers", IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, vol. QE-13, No. 9, Sep. 1977 .
"Dynamic Model of High-Pressure Rare-Gas Excimer Lasers" by C. W. Werner et al., Applied Physics Letters, vol. 24, No. 4, Aug. 15, 1974.
"Kinetic Model of Ultraviolet Inversions in High-Pressure Rare-Gas Plasmas" by E. V. George et al., Applied Physics Letters, vol. 23, No. 3, Aug. 1, 1973.

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