Surgical forceps

Details Surgical forceps Surgical forceps

1989-02-24

1991-10-22

Rosenbaum, C. Fred

Surgery

Instruments

Forceps

81418, A61B 1728

Patent

active

050592149

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE ART

The present invention relates to medical engineering, namely, to surgical forceps for grasphing and holding tissues or organs during various manipulations in the operative wound in the course of most diverse surgical procedures, in particular, for reliable closuse of a cavity and holding the resected organ portion that has been severed after mechanical suture application with the aid of a suturing appliance, e.g., in the case of resecting of an intestine, the stomach or other organs of the abdominal and thoracic cavities.


PRIOR ART

Prior art surgical forceps for grasping and holding tissues or organs are known to comprise two halves movably interconnected and having oblong jaws with compressing (inner) and outer surfaces of the working (effective) portions. The forceps have serration situated on the compressing surface of the effective law portion (cf., e.g., a Catalogue of the firm Aesculap "Instrumente fur Diagnostik, kleine und grosse Chirurgie, Urologie, Gynakologie und Geburtshilfe", Band 1, 9 Auflage P. 226No. B-21178), or longitudinal grooves or flutes provided on each jaw and so arranged that the grooves on one of the jaws are located opposite to the projections or lugs on the other jaw (cf. ibid., p. 267No. B-21181 DF).
Serration and grooves-and-lugs are aimed at increasing the forces of adhesion of the surfaces of tissues or organs with the compressing surface of the effective jaw portion. However, such forceps fail to provide a reliable holding of tissues and organs in the forceps without their overcompression, which is causative of a traumatic lesion. The known forceps fail to prevent the compressed walls of organs from slipping off the forceps, especially when tensioning the tissues square with the forceps jaws. This is the case when, e.g., severing the resected portion of organs immediately at the forceps jaws after application of a mechanical suture with the aid of a surgical suturing appliance in the course of resection of organs. The possibility of escaping of the tissues clamped by the forceps off the latter during various manipulations involved in surgery is fraught with the danger of infecting the operative wound, since the cavity of the organ operated upon gets open so that the contaminated inner surface of the organ is brought in contact with the surrounding tissues, the infected contents flow out of the cavity, and hemostasis is disturbed. In order to increase the force of adhesion of the compressing surface of the forceps jaws with the tissues being handled, one has to increase the width of the jaws of the known forceps, which is not always possible due to specific conditions of a surgery, e.g., when the amount of tissues is insufficient for the forceps jaws to set to the working position. Besides, in order to provide a reliable fixation of the walls of the organ being operated upon, one whould increase the rigidity of the cantilivered jaws of the forceps, since it is not infrequently that the compression force applied to the walls of organs is to be very high so as to prevent their escaping from the jaws, which is the case when compressing and fixing the walls of the resected stomach portion in the course of gastrectomy. Thus, the forceps get bulky and have too wide and high jaws, which deteriorates their maneuvrability in the operatuve wound. When such forceps are used for compressing the organs and tissues that are to remain in the organism after surgery, these tissues might be overcompressed and necrosis might subsequently result.
Another prior-art forceps, such as, e.g., Price-Thomas (cf. the Catalogue of the firm Aesculap mentioned hereinabove, Item No. B-21182, p. 267) is made up of two halves movably interconnected and having oblong jaws with compressing and outer surfaces. A number of through perforations are made in the compressing surface of the effective portion of one of the jaws of the forceps along the centre line of said surface. The other jaw are provided with pointed cone-shaped lugs or prongs arranged likewise along the centre line of the jaw

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Catalogue of the Firm Aesculap "Instrumente fur Diagnostik, Kleine und Grosse Chirurgie, Urologie, Gynakologie und Geburtshilfe", Band 1,9 Auflage p. 266, No. 3-21178; p. 267, No. B-21181; p. 329, No. E-295.

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