Process for preparing aminoacetonitriles in one vessel

Details Process for preparing aminoacetonitriles in one vessel Process for preparing aminoacetonitriles in one vessel

1993-10-13

1994-07-26

Brust, Joseph Paul

Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series

Organic compounds

Heterocyclic carbon compounds containing a hetero ring...

549 74, 549 75, 549491, 558351, 558408, 558430, 558432, 558433, 558434, 558452, C07C25316, C07C25330, C07D21357

Patent

active

053328264

ABSTRACT:
This invention relates to a process for preparing aminoacetonitriles in one vessel. The process involves the steps of: (A) reacting an alkali metal cyanide with an aldehyde in water to form a cyanohydrin; (B) extracting the cyanohydrin formed in Step (A) into a water immiscible solvent to form a two phase system comprising a water immiscible phase containing the cyanohydrin and an aqueous phase; (C) removing at least 50 weight percent, based on the weight of the water immiscible phase, of the water immiscible solvent from the water immiscible phase thereby concentrating the cyanohydrin; (D) adding a water miscible amide solvent to the concentrated cyanohydrin to form a cyanohydrin solution; and (E) passing ammonia through the cyanohydrin solution to obtain an aminoacetonitrile. Aminoacetonitriles are important intermediates in the preparation of amino acids, thiadiazoles, acylaminoacetonitriles, and imidazole derivatives.

REFERENCES:
patent: Re32952 (1989-06-01), Krepski et al.
patent: 4859784 (1989-08-01), Effenberger et al.
patent: 5169973 (1992-12-01), Gibson et al.
"Facile Synthesis of .alpha.-Aminonitriles", Khuong Mai et al, Tetrahedron Letters vol. 25, No. 41, pp. 4583-4586, (1984).
"A Fast N-Substituted .alpha.-Aminonitrile Synthesis", Khuong Mai et al, Synthetic Communications 15 (2), 157-163 (1985).

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