Power plants – Combustion products used as motive fluid
Patent
1993-06-04
1994-07-26
Casaregola, Louis J.
Power plants
Combustion products used as motive fluid
60 39142, F02C 726
Patent
active
053318048
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a device in a power plant comprising a combustion chamber for combustion of a fuel at overpressure, a turbine driven by generated combustion gases, a compressor driven by the turbine for compression of combustion air, a generator driven by the gas turbine, as well as a gas conduit for transferring combustion gases from the combustion chamber to the turbine.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A plant of the above-mentioned type is described in Swedish patent specification 8700960-1 (456 757; corresponding to EP 881012041 (0 285 825) and U.S. Pat. No. 4,860,535). In such a plant the plant is started by the generator therein being switched to a motor, which accelerates the gas turbine of the plant to full, synchronous speed. This requires energy from the network, and limits the applicability to relatively small plants, for example with a gas turbine power of 15-17 MW.
Starting equipment for a larger plant of the above-mentioned type would become very extensive, both from the points of view of design and economy, and it is desired not to take out such great power for starting as would be required from the network in case of generator-motor start.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention aims to provide a solution to the above-mentioned and similar problems and it is characterized in that the device in a power plant includes at least one start-up combustor and in that the generator can be switched to motor operation with a relatively low power, 5-10% of about the generator power, for rotation of the compressor upon start-up, the compressor supplying combustion air to the start-up combustor, and that fuel, for example oil, is transferred to the start-up combustor and burnt, the start-up combustor in turn delivering gases to the turbine, the turbine power thus being supplied to the compressor. By use of such a device, also large plants of the kind referred to here can be started up without any major power output from the network.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein
FIG. 1 shows parts of the power plant with a start-up combustor, and
FIG. 2 is a view of the gas turbine with a generator.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
FIG. 2 shows a gas turbine unit according to the invention, comprising a turbine 11, a compressor 12 and a generator 13 which may also serve as a starting motor. The gas outlet 14 from the turbine 11 is connected through a conduit to a waste heat boiler (not shown), in which the residual heat in the gases leaving the turbine 11 is utilized.
The combustion gases from a boiler are passed in a conduit 15 to the turbine 11 (see arrow F in FIG. 1), which drives the compressor 12 and the generator 13 (FIG. 2). Air compressed in the compressor 12 is passed in the conduit 16 to the boiler. The valve unit includes cut-off valves 17 and 20 which are operated by operating devices (see below). The conduit 16 includes at least one by-pass (short-circuit) valve 18 and at least one air valve 21 (see below).
By valve unit is meant the unit between the flange A and the flange B in FIG. 1.
FIG. 1 shows, besides the combustion gas conduit 15 and the air conduit 16, cut-off valves 17 for the compressor air, in this case of butterfly type, for switching on and off the air from the compressor 12 to the boiler, the cut-off valves being suitably operated by operating (servo) devices (not shown). The by-pass valve 18 is intended to conduct the compressor air directly to the turbine. The valve 21 controls the air supply to the start-up combustor 19 upon start-up.
The start-up combustor 19, which may be one or more in number (see also FIG. 2 where a plurality, for example six, are arranged radially with respect to the gas conduit 15), is arranged at the combustion gas conduit 15 or at a separate location (not shown). It is supplied with air from the compressor when the valve 21 is in the shown position, and fuel, for example oil, is also supplied to the start-
REFERENCES:
patent: 2227666 (1941-01-01), Noack
patent: 3093968 (1963-06-01), Osofsky
patent: 4161102 (1979-07-01), Jasas et al.
patent: 4299087 (1981-11-01), Kullendorff
patent: 4600414 (1986-07-01), Metcalfe et al.
patent: 4947641 (1990-08-01), Rodgers
ABB Carbon AB
Casaregola Louis J.
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