Internal-combustion engines – Engine means having internal vaporizing in prechamber with...
Patent
1989-06-09
1991-06-04
Dolinar, Andrew M.
Internal-combustion engines
Engine means having internal vaporizing in prechamber with...
123532, F02M 6704
Patent
active
050204947
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a method of feeding fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, in which compressed gas is taken from the cylinder and temporarily stored during one working cycle, and injected into the cylinder together with the fuel during the subsequent working cycle, and a device for implementing this method.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
In order to obtain maximum thermal efficiency and minimum pollutant emission in internal combustion engines, above all in spark-ignition engines, rapid and thorough fuel combustion at the upper dead center of the piston is called for. If fuel is injected into the combustion chamber, or a fuel-air mixture is drawn in after having been mixed externally, these requirements cannot be met satisfactorily, since combustion is impaired by the lack of time available for mixture-formation. For this reason ignition must be timed such that it takes place well before the upper dead center.
Certain advantages are achieved by an external mixture-formation at elevated temperatures during the working cycle preceding ignition of the respective air-fuel mixture, and by injecting the mixture into the combustion chamber during the subsequent working cycle.
An arrangement for implementing the above method is described in DE-AS 1 751 524, in which the fuel is admitted through a joint rotary valve provided for all cylinders of an internal combustion engine. The rotary valve, comprising a disk-shaped rotor, a thin, disk-shaped distributor plate and a mushroom-shaped control slide, is located in a housing together with a centrifugal pump sitting on a joint shaft together with the rotor. In four-stroke engines shaft and pumpe and rotor have the same r.p.m. as the camshaft. The rotor itself contains a radially positioned metering chamber whose control surface facing the distributor plate has several control openings. In addition, the rotor is provided with an axial storage opening controlling the storage of pressurized air, which is admitted from the cylinder chambers through an injection line. In this manner pressurized air is taken from the respective cylinder chamber during the compression stroke, and is used as a source of pressurized air for blowing fuel into the respective cylinder chamber.
The disadvantages of this arrangement are its complicated configuration as well as the use of one common metering and control unit for all cylinders of a multicylinder engine. This necessitates long injection and discharge lines, which tend to clog during the withdrawal phase and in which fuel from the fuel-air mixture may be deposited on the walls during the injection phase, leading to faulty fuel metering that is difficult to control. In addition, the injection line, which is open towards the cylinder, causes a flowback of exhaust gas into the injection line during the expansion phase of the engine, and a flow of fuel-enriched gas into the cylinder during the charge-exchange phase, thus leading to higher hydrocarbon emission.
The sequencing of fuel injection and withdrawal is given by the shaft of the control and metering device rotating at camshaft or crankshaft speed. Thus it is not possible to adjust the beginning of injection to the requirements of the engine, in order to reduce fuel consumption and pollutants.
The fuel metering system of the conventional arrangement utilizes a metering chamber which is, alternatingly or consecutively, subjected to fuel pressure (in this instance lower than the air pressure in the injection or discharge line) and air pressure. In order to push the fuel into the metering chamber against the force of the higher air pressure prevailing therein, the metering chamber must be depressurized through a line into the suction pipe. The depressurization process represents a thermodynamic loss, since air which has been taken in by the engine is compressed, extracted and passed back into the suction pipe.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of this invention to propose a method of entering fuel into the combu
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patent: 1892040 (1932-12-01), de Malvin de Montazet et al.
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patent: 4210105 (1980-07-01), Nohira et al.
patent: 4865002 (1989-09-01), Borst et al.
Elliott Keith
Fischer Christof D.
Greier Josef
Herzog Peter
Plohberger Diethard
Avl Gesellschaft Fur Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Messtechnik
Dolinar Andrew M.
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